In the scientific journal are presented some provisions for the development of physiotherapy, ergotherapy, recreation, physical education, health technologies of different population groups. Modern methods and means of health restoration are characterized, features of carrying out diagnostic and rehabilitation measures, the effectiveness of which is confirmed by pedagogical, psychological, rehabilitation and medical-biological researches.
THE KEY FACTORS OF ATHLETES’ FUNCTIONAL FITNESS
Purpose is to study the most generalized properties (factors) of functional systems that make up functionalfitness structure and to analyze the possibilities of diagnosing the functional fitness of skilled athletes (cyclistsand rowers) based on complex research of the body oxygen transport system. Material and methods. The results of 264 complex physiological individual examinations conducted over a number of years using a holisticmethodological approach (and specially adapted methods) were analyzed. One of the main tasks of our study was the development of methods for quantitative assessment of functional fitness factors, as well as some other theoretical and factual grounds for making a diagnostic model of functional fitness. A complex methodology for functional fitness level determination was used. It included registration of the main gas exchange parameters, external respiration, blood, and cardiovascular system at different loads. Results. The main factors of athletes’ functional fitness are power, mobility, stability, economy, and functional potential realization. The power ofsystems determines the limit of functional manifestations in sports activity conditions. The mobility of systems determines the development speed of functional and metabolic responses at changes in work pace and intensity.The stability of systems determines the ability to keep high levels of energy and functional reactions. The economy of systems determines the functional and metabolic “cost” of the levels of work, gas transport and oxygen consumption, general economy of energy conversion. The degree of realization of the body system functional potential depends on the individual peculiarities of the neurovegetative status. Conclusions. The development of methods for analysis and assessment of the properties of function regulation that underlie the work capacityprovision in cyclic sports events, as well as some other parameters that reflect the body functional potential, is of great importance for functional fitness diagnostics. Determination of the properties of the main functional systems regulation not only helps to explain the mechanisms of formation and manifestation of functional fitness structure factors and to obtain additional information about them but also can serve as a very efficient independent criterion for the body functional potential analysis.
COMPLIANCE OF THE RESISTANCE CAPACITY OF ELITE ATHLETES FROM DIFFERENT TYPES OF COMBAT SPORTS WITH THE COMPETITIVE DEMANDS OF MIXED MARTIAL ARTS
Purpose. To determine the matching of resistance capacity of elite athletes practicing judo, Muay Thai,Greco-Roman wrestling, and boxing, to the loads that are similar in intensity and duration to those encoun-tered in competitive Mixed Martial Arts (ММА).Material and Methods. 90 elite male athletes were examined (33 candidates for the Master of Sport and57 Masters of Sport), aged 15–16 years. Five groups of athletes were formed: judokas, Muay Thai fighters,boxers, MMA athletes, and Greco-Roman wrestlers. Two test loads were proposed. During Test Load 1, participants performed alternating exercises for 3 minutes, a hanging leg raise on a horizontal bar with legsheld straight at a 90° angle, followed by push-ups with full arm flexion and extension. During Test Load 2, each group performed the most powerful and technically demanding combination of movements specificto their respective combat sport for 20 seconds. Heart rate variability (HRV) spectral analysis indices were used to evaluate the athletes’ resistance to the test loads. Assessment included both the basal HRV parameters (VLF, LF, HF, LF/HF) and the changes these parameters exhibited following the test loads.Results. Test Load 1 led to a shift in autonomic balance toward parasympathetic regulation, accompanied by an increase in central regulatory activity, in the examined groups of boxers, Greco-Roman wrestlers, and MMAfighters. In the Muay Thai group, a similar training load resulted in enhanced vagal influence on the sinoatrialnode alongside diminished central regulation of sinus rhythm. In comparison with baseline HRV, the Muay Thai and MMA athletes demonstrated reduced central regulation before Test Load 1 and one hour after recovery.Following Test Load 2, Muay Thai boxers and Greco-Roman wrestlers exhibited a shift in autonomic balancetoward parasympathetic regulation, along with an increase in central regulatory activity. The boxer and MMAgroups showed increased vagal influence on the sinoatrial node in response to Test Load 2, which reflected the technical elements of their respective combat sports, reflecting heightened parasympathetic activity.Conclusions. The results indicate that in 75% of elite athletes from various combat sports, the level ofphysiological resistance is insufficient to effectively implement short-term adaptation mechanisms duringcompetitive MMA loads. A shift of autonomic balance toward parasympathetic activity, even when accopanied by reduced cardiac regulatory tension, does not necessarily indicate effective short-term adaptation.Additional monitoring of changes in the central regulation of sinus rhythm provides insight into whetherthe stressor intensity aligns with the individual’s functional capacity, allowing for timely interventions toprevent possible adaptive failure.
ANALYSIS OF PACE DISTRIBUTION OVER A 50 M CRAWL DISTANCE USING TOTAL IMMERSION METHOD FOR COMPETITORS AGED 9–12 YEARS OLD
The objective of this study was to determine which anthropometric variables, such as body mass, height, and limb length, have the greatest impact on swimming velocity over a 50 m freestyle distance inyoung swimmers aged 9–12. The study also aimed to assess whether differences in results were statistically significant based on the age and gender of the athletes.Materials and methods. The research was conducted on a group of 100 swimmers (50 girls and 50 boys) from a Trójmiasto swimming club, divided into four age groups (9, 10, 11, 12 years). All participants trained 6 times a week using the Total Immersion method. The first stage involved collecting anthropometric measurements: body mass (kg), body height (cm), and the length of the upper and lower limbs (cm). In the second stage, swimming velocity was measured over a 50 m freestyle distance. The collected data was subjected to statistical analysis using Student's t-test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient, with a significance level set at p < 0.05.Results. No statistically significant differences were found in anthropometric characteristics (bodymass, height, limb length) or swimming velocity between girls and boys within the same age groups.However, a statistically highly significant (p < 0.001) relationship was demonstrated between swimming velocity and the age of the athletes – the older the swimmers, the shorter the time it took to complete the distance. A statistically highly significant (p < 0.001) negative correlation was also found between swimming velocity and body mass, height, and limb length. This means that greater body mass, height, and longer limbs resulted in faster swimming. Exceptions were noted: in the 10-year-old group, the correlation between body mass and velocity was positive (p < 0.05), and in the 11-year-old group, no significant relationship was found between body height and velocity.Conclusions. Body mass, height, and limb length have a significant impact on the swimming velocity of young athletes. Gender is not a decisive factor in performance within this age range. The identified correlationsprovide valuable insights for coaches, enabling them to optimize the training process and adopt an individualized approach to athlete development, particularly in the context of dynamic somatic changes during puberty.
CHARACTERISTICS OF GONIOMETRY OF POSTURE OF WOMEN OF THE SECOND PERIOD OF MATURE AGE
Introduction. The scientific discourse on posture goniometry in women of the second period of mature age is multifaceted and includes the study of age-related changes, objective assessment using goniometry, analysis of the relationship with other health indicators, and determination of influential factors. An important aspect of the discourse is the development of corrective and preventive measures aimed at maintaining correct posture and preventing its disorders in women of the second period of mature age, which will reduce the risk of developing various diseases and improve their overall well-being.The purpose of the study is to determine the indicators of posture goniometry in women aged40–45 years.Research methods: theoretical analysis and generalization of literary sources; photography and posture analysis, goniometry, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics.Results. The studied women aged 40–45 years showed characteristic deviations from the normative values,which indicates the prevalence of changes in the biomechanics of the spine and the position of the head. Thegreatest deviations were observed for the angles α₁ and α₂ (head tilt angles), therefore, the forward displacementof the head has a predominant diagnostic value for assessing possible posture disorders at this age. It was shown that in women with normal posture, more than 57% of the indicators corresponded to the normative values,while in the group with a round back, 100% of women had deviations from the norm in the parameters α₁ and α₂.These differences, confirmed statistically (p < 0,01), allowed us to conclude that women with a round back had a significantly greater forward head tilt (α₁) and a reduced horizontal head tilt angle (α₂) compared to women with normal posture. We also note that age differences between women aged 40–43 and 44–45 within the same groupin terms of posture in goniometric indicators were not detected (p > 0,05), which indicates the relative stability of postural characteristics in the age range studied.Conclusions. An important component of the continuation of the specified scientific discourse is the development and implementation of corrective and preventive measures aimed at maintaining optimal biomechanics of posture and preventing its disorders in women of the second period of mature age, which will help reduce therisk of developing concomitant pathologies and improve their overall functional state of quality.
SUICIDES OF FAMOUS ATHLETES OF MODERN TIME: STORIES AND REASONS
Introduction. Professional athletes often suffer from physical and psychological injuries, they are underconsiderable pressure due to the constant need to demonstrate their victories, the high level of competition, violations of fair play, etc. These factors can increase the risk of suicide among them.The aim of the work is to study the life, professional career, reasons and methods of suicide of famous athletes in the first quarter of the 21st century. We used general scientific (description and observation) and theoretical (analysis, synthesis, classification, explanation, and generalization) research methods to achieve the goal.Results. The present study analysed information on 336 male and 45 female athletes who committedsuicide between January 2000 and December 2024. All the data was taken from verified sources. The research demonstrated that for every instance of female athlete suicide, there were approximately nine instances of male athletes committing suicide. The highest number of male athlete suicides was recorded in 2019, the lowest in 2000, and the highest number of female athletes committed suicide in 2020. Since 2009, there has been an increase in the incidence of suicidal acts. A study revealed that male athletes were most prone to committing suicide between the ages of 30 and 49, while female athletes demonstrated a peak in suicide rates between the ages of 20 and 39. In the case of the 252 athletes whose method of suicide is known, hanging and gunshot wounds were the most prevalent. In the case of the 26 female athletes, the most prevalent underlying factors contributing to injury were found to be falls from a height and overdosesor poisoning with dangerous substances. It was not possible to ascertain the method of suicide of 84 male athletes and 19 female athletes due to an absence of relevant information.Research has identified a number of factors that have been demonstrated to increase the risk of suicide, including diseases and injuries, career development and achieved results, difficult social relationships and economic reasons. The behaviour of an athlete who is prone to cruelty, sudden mood swings, depression,and suicidal intentions always requires urgent action. In such a state, the individual’s actions can become a potential threat not only to themselves but also to their loved ones.Conclusions. In the contemporary context, the development of reliable algorithms for predicting and preventing suicide has become imperative. The identification of problems at an early stage and the prescription of appropriate treatment are of paramount importance. Furthermore, restrictions on access to firearms must be considered, along with the prevention of the transformation of suicide locations into attractive sites for the development of than atourism.
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A HEALTH AND RECREATIONAL PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PROGRAM FOR ELDERLY MEN
Introduction. Progressive age-related changes in the body, characterized by a decline in the functions of vital systems and a weakening of adaptive and regulatory mechanisms, significantly impair the quality of life of elderly men. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the methodological and substantive features of developing health and recreational physical activity programs aimed at improving the physical condition of elderly men. Research results. Thirty-nine elderly men participated in the study, of whom 19 formed the control group and 20 formed the experimental group. To achieve the aim of the study, the following scientific methods were used: analysis of domestic and foreign scientific and methodological literature, comparative analysis, pedagogical research methods, methods of assessing quality of life, assessment of somatic health, and methods of mathematical statistics. Based on the analysis of existing practical experience, expert assessments, and the results of a pedagogical experiment, an experimental program of classes was developed. It was based on the comprehensive use of health-improving fitness tools, which made it possible to combine exercises of different types. Based on the data of the ascertaining study, recommendations from leading organizations in the field of health preservation, and a generalization of advancedpractical experience, a program was developed based on the use of health and recreational physical activity for older adults. The program had three periods (preparatory, basic, and maintenance) and included variousactivities, such as morning hygiene exercises, measured walking, strength, coordination, and flexibilityexercises, as well as elements of Eastern health systems, massage, and hardening. Conclusions. The six-month pedagogical experiment confirmed the effectiveness of the developed program. It was found that the experimental group showed statistically significant improvements on all quality of life scales, while the control group showed significant improvements only in physical functioning, social activity, and the role of emotional problems in limiting life activity.
MODERN APPROACHES TO ASSESSING THE ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE YOUNG GENERATION IN THE PROCESS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Background and purpose of the study. The article highlights modern approaches to assessing the academic achievements of the younger generation in the process of physical education from the point of view of scientists. Solving these issues makes it possible not only to improve the system for assessing the academic achievements of young people in physical education, but also significantly increase their motivation to engage in physical activity. There is practically no ideal assessment system, and each of those used has strengths and weaknesses. Therefore, it is necessary not to look for ideal systems, but to plan those that have a large number of effective advantages. The purpose of the study is to analyze modern approaches to assessing the academic achievements of the younger generation in the process of physical education.Material and methods of the study. Research material: analysis and generalization of scientific literatureand program and regulatory documents on the organization of the educational process in educational institutions, foreign and domestic experience of modern approaches to assessing the academic achievements of young people in the process of physical education; research methods: analysis and generalization of data from scientific literature and the Internet. Results. Assessment becomes the main criterion in determining the quality of higher education, the adequacy of the level of programs and teaching methods and training in a subject or faculty as a whole. Assessment is carried out using internal and external procedures. The internal assessment process includes systematic collection of administrative information, surveys of students and graduates, informal conversations with teachers and students. A component of external assessmentis a visit to the faculty by a supervisory group to determine the quality of training and teaching. External reviewers are teachers or professionals who compile a final report based on communication with students and young scientists. Conclusions. The analysis of the assessment of students’ educational activities must be carried out in compliance with certain pedagogical requirements (principles): planning, systematicity, objectivity, openness, economy, thematicity, taking into account the individual capabilities of students, unity of requirements taking into account national standards for providing training in accordance with the qualification characteristics of specialties. Depending on the didactic goal different types of learning control are used: diagnostic, preventive, current, repeated, periodic, thematic, final.
THE STATE OF DEVELOPMENT OF HEALTH AND RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF THE MUNICIPAL ENTERPRISE “RIVNE REGIONAL WAR VETERANS HOSPITAL” RIVNE REGIONAL COUNCIL
Purpose. The study is devoted to analyzing the state of development of health and recreational activities of the ME “Rivne Regional War Veterans Hospital” Rivne Regional Council in the context of transfomation processes in the healthcare system of Ukraine and challenges caused by the COVID-19 pandemicand full-scale war.Material. The work uses statistical, financial and economic indicators of the hospital’s activities for 2021–2023. Methods of horizontal and vertical balance sheet analysis, comparative analysis, generalization, systematization and graphical display of data, as well as elements of SWOT analysis, were applied.Results. The hospital, created as a specialized institution for veterans, currently functions as a multidisciplinary medical and rehabilitation center with 240 beds. The analysis showed a sharp increase in the number of treated patients in 2023 – from 2.662 people in 2022 to 5.616 in 2023, which is more than twice the previous figures. The main reasons were post-COVID complications and an increase in the number of combat injuries and neurotraumas. In the therapeutic department, the number of patients increased by 915 people, in the surgical department – by 485, in the anesthesiology and intensive care department – by 41, and in rehabilitation centers – by 1.037 people. In general, the over fulfillment of the bed-day plan in 2023 was 61.2%, which indicates the most efficient use of resources, but at the same time a significant burden on staff. At the same time, the mortality rate decreased to almost zero, which confirms the high professionalism of doctors and the quality of medical services. Financial indicators demonstrate stable revenue growth (from UAH 55.1million in 2021 to UAH 93.2 million in 2023), active attraction of extrabudgetary funds (from UAH 470thousand in 2021 to UAH 9.560.1 thousand in 2023) and significant renewal of the material and technical base. The payroll fund increased by 54% over the period 2021–2023, the average salary increased to UAH12.4 thousand, which has a positive impact on personnel stability. At the same time, capital investments and the cost of fixed assets increased (from UAH 38.9 million in 2021 to UAH 109.8 million in 2023).Conclusions. The study confirms the key role of the hospital as an important element of the regional health system, focused on the medical, psychological and social rehabilitation of veterans and victims.Wartime conditions require increased managerial flexibility, the introduction of modern digital technologies, telemedicine and a system of key performance indicators (KPI). Further development of the hospital shouldbe directed towards expanding the range of health and recreation services, modernizing the infrastructure andimproving the quality of medical care, which will ensure its sustainability and competitiveness in the future.The results of the study can be used to develop strategies for the development of medical institutions in crisis conditions, in particular in regions experiencing humanitarian burden as a result of the war, as well as in the formation of state policy on the rehabilitation of military and civilians.
BIOLOGICAL PREREQUISITES FOR DEVELOPING THE CONCEPT OF CORRECTIVE AND PREVENTIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PROCESS OF HEALTH FITNESS CLASSES FOR WOMEN OF THE FIRST PERIOD OF MATURE AGE WITH DIFFERENT STATES OF BIOMECHANICS OF THE SPATIAL ORGANIZATION OF THE BODY
Introduction. The development of the concept of corrective and preventive technologies in the processof health fitness classes for women of the first period of mature age with different states of biomechanics ofthe spatial organization of the body is an extremely urgent and multifaceted problem, covering the section of biomechanics, physiology, sports medicine and pedagogy.The purpose of the study is to determine the biological prerequisites for developing the concept of corrective and preventive technologies in the process of health fitness classes for women of the first period of mature age with different states of biomechanics of the spatial organization of the body.Research methods: theoretical analysis and generalization of literary sources; photography and postureanalysis, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics.Results. Factor analysis was carried out on the basis of the matrix of intercorrelations of somatometricindicators (weight and body length, chest circumference (CC), shoulder, waist, pelvis, thigh and shin girthsand their relative values with respect to body length, Quetelet, Rohrer, Pignet indices, waist circumference and hip circumference (СТС), joint hypermobility, the level of the biogeometric profile of posture (in the sagittal, frontal planes and as a whole) and the results of physical fitness tests. The factor analysis procedure was carried out using the principal component method to identify the main data structures. Factor analysis showed significant relationships between the biogeometric profile of posture, joint hypermobility, level of physical fitness and anthropometric indicators in women of the first period of mature age. The obtained results determine the key areas for further implementation of the research results in the practice of health fitness: individualization of health fitness programs Development of personalized programs is critically important. Taking into account the unique biomechanical features of the spatial organization of the body of each woman will significantly increase the effectiveness of the health process, providing a targeted impact on the identified correlations; priority of correction of posture disorders. Correction of the biogeometric profile of posture is a fundamental element of achieving optimal physical fitness and maintaining health. Programs focused on improving posture will contribute to effective injury prevention and improving the quality of life in the first period of adulthood.The key aspect of transformational activity is the creation and implementation of scientifically based corrective and preventive technologies. This will allow integrating modern scientific approaches in the development of health fitness programs aimed at ensuring the long-term health of women in this age category.Conclusions. Determination of biological prerequisites for the development of the concept of corrective and preventive technologies in the process of health fitness classes for women of the first period of mature age with different states of biomechanics of the spatial organization of the body is not just a scientific study, but a critically important step in transforming scientific knowledge into practical tools that will improve somatic health.
FEATURES OF INDICATORS OF MOTOR FUNCTIONS IN CHILDREN OF PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE WITH SPASTIC CEREBRAL PALSY
Introduction. The scientific discourse around motor function in children with spastic cerebral palsy is a dynamically developing field, integrating data from neurology, biomechanics, rehabilitation and pedagogy to improve the quality of life of this category of patients. The purpose of the article is to study the indicators of motor functions of children aged 7–8 years withspastic forms of cerebral palsy (CP).Research methods: theoretical analysis and generalization of literary sources, pedagogical testing, methods of mathematical statistics.Results. It was found that children with spastic CP at level I according to the gross motor function classification system (GMFCS) demonstrate a moderate level of motor function development. Their performance on test tasks was on average 18% lower than the normative values, which indicates the presenceof motor deficit. It is important to note that the level of motor development is comparable in children with spastic diplegia and spastic hemiparesis, indicating similar difficulties within the studied forms of CP. Secondly, the best results were recorded in the tasks of Block B, assessing the content of the sitting position.Almost all children in both groups performed these tasks completely independently, which emphasizes the preserved basic motor functions necessary for maintaining postural stability in a sitting position. Thirdly, the greatest difficulties were observed in performing the tasks of Block E, requiring a high level of coordination, muscle strength and balance. Particularly problematic were tasks related to jumping, walking along a narrow line and ascending/descending stairs without support. These data confirm the insufficient development of complex dynamic skills and functional movements that are critical for the age norm. Fourth, no statistically significant differences in the overall level of motor development were found between the groups of children with spastic diplegia and spastic hemiparesis (p > 0.05). Minor differences in the performance of individual tasks can be explained by individual characteristics of physical development andthe specificity of the lesion. In particular, children with hemiparesis demonstrated better results in tasks requiring muscle strength and jumping skills, while children with diplegia showed advantages in performing tasks related to moving up and down stairs.Conclusions. The obtained data confirm that primary school children with spastic form of CP (GMFCS I) have a pronounced, although moderate, motor deficit, especially manifested in complex dynamic motoracts. Preserved basic postural functions create a basis for further development. The lack of overall statistically significant differences between diplegia and hemiparesis at this functional level indicates the importance of focusing rehabilitation on specific motor deficits, and not just on the clinical form of CP.
EXPERIENCE UTILIZING THE CANADIAN OCCUPATIONAL PERFORMANCE MEASURE (COPM) IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INDIVIDUAL REHABILITATION PROGRAMS FOR MIDDLE-AGED INDIVIDUALS WITH CHRONIC CALCULOUS CHOLECYSTITIS AFTER CHOLECYSTECTOMY
Objective is to describe the experience of using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) in the development of individual rehabilitation programs for middle-aged individuals after cholecystectomy; to determine the dynamics of the quality of life of middle-aged patients after cholecystectomy under the influence of the developed individual rehabilitation programs using COPM.Material. Middle-aged patients aged 45 to 59 years with chronic calculous cholecystitis (CCC) after cholecystectomy (n=40) who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy were included. Patients in the main group (n=20) received rehabilitation according to our concept using a biopsychosocial individual approach andCOPM, patients in the control group (n=20) received general recommendations on diet and exercise regimens.The mental and physical components of quality of life were assessed using the SF-12 questionnaire, in orderto ensure client-centeredness when setting short-term goals in the process of developing and implementingindividual rehabilitation programs aimed at occupational activity, the COPM was used. The article presents the results of assessing the quality of life at the acute stage of rehabilitation (initial examination), in the post-acute stage (one month after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LCC)) and long-term stage (one year after LCC).Statistical methods: Shapiro-Wilk W-test, the mean (x )̅, standard deviation (S) and standard error of the mean (m) were calculated; Student’s t-test, differences were considered statistically significant at p<0.05.Results. The results of the SF-12 quality of life survey in individuals with CCC indicate a level of lifeslightly below the average in the physical and mental components. This indicates that chronic calculouscholecystitis negatively affected these two important factors of quality of life. Analyzing the dynamics of quality of life according to the SF-12 questionnaire one month after LCC, no statistically significant (p > 0.05) changes in quality of life were found in any of the groups. The results of the dynamics of quality of life according to the SF-12 questionnaire in individuals with CCC one year after LCC indicate a statistically significant (p<0.05) improvement in the control group compared to the previous examination.The results of the dynamics of the quality of life according to the SF-12 questionnaire in individuals with CCC one year after LCC indicate a statistically significant (p < 0.05) improvement in the representativesof the main group compared to the previous examination and compared to the control group one year later,which indicates a more positive dynamics in the quality of life in the physical and mental components. Conclusions. COPM allows taking into account the personal factors of patients when developingindividual rehabilitation programs aimed at restoring occupational activity in individuals aftercholecystectomy and ensuring client-centeredness of occupational therapy intervention. The use of COPMin individuals after cholecystectomy increases their motivation to continue rehabilitation in long-termstages, directs interdisciplinary work to all areas of quality of life. It has been established that the use of COPM in the concept of restoring the quality of life of individuals after cholecystectomy leads to animprovement in its mental and physical components.
PHYSICAL THERAPY AND OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY FOR MILITARY PERSONNEL AFTER BLAST-RELATED THORACIC TRAUMA
Chest injury in military personnel is one of the most common combat injuries among military personnel. This is the result of explosive waves, falls, contusion or compression with heavy objects withoutpenetration into the chest cavity. The most typical clinical manifestations include the contusion of the chest wall, fractures of the ribs, lung damage, ventilation disorders and respiratory failure. These conditions canlead to a decrease in physical activity, impaired respiratory function and reduce the quality of life in the affected persons. The aim is to analyze current scientific evidence and clinical guidelines regarding physical therapy for military personnel after blast-related thoracic trauma. Materials and methods. Storing,analysis and systematization of scientific literature published between 2019 and 2024 based on search inPubMed, Scopus and Web of Science Databases. Results. Clinical recommendations, protocols, systematic examinations and results of original physical therapy studies after a blast-related thoracic trauma of chest in military personnel illuminate the need to supplement traditional methods of physical therapy such as early mobilization, breathing gymnastics, posture drainage daily activities. Individualized physical therapyprograms are developed and implemented to address the specific needs of patients during the pre-operative,in-hospital, and post-hospital periods, focusing on the prevention of long-term complications. This systematic approach effectively contributes to the restoration of respiratory function, improved physical capacity,and reduced risk of complications.Conclusions. Physical therapy – including breathing exercises, positional treatment, occupational therapy and motor rehabilitation – is a key component in the recovery process after breastfeeding. Despite itsprevalence, the rehabilitation management of the military after breast trauma remains a lot of investigated,especially in the context of constant military conflict.
FEATURES OF THE BIOGEOMETRIC PROFILE OF YOUNG CHEERLEADERS WITH DIFFERENT POSTURE TYPES AS A PREREQUISITE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL THERAPY PROGRAMS
Introduction. Previous observations show that the type of posture correlates with the state of the bio-geometric profile. However, there is no deep understanding of how different types of posture (normal, scoliotic, hunched back) affect the spatial organization of the body, and what specific changes occur in the biogeometric profile depending on the existing posture disorders. The solution to this problem will allow the development of scientifically based approaches to diagnostics, monitoring and correction of posture in young athletes, ensuring their optimal physical development and preventing possible injuries.The purpose of the study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the biogeometric profile of young cheerleaders with different types of posture to identify key deviations and prerequisites for their progression, which will allow the development of targeted physical therapy programs.Research methods: theoretical analysis of specialized literature; medical and biological research methods (photography), visual screening of posture, methods of mathematical statistics.Results. The study of quantitative characteristics of the biogeometric profile revealed significant differences between the groups of athletes with different types of posture. Athletes with normal posture haddominant high and medium scores, indicating optimal spatial organization of the body. The average value in the sagittal plane was 12.67 ± 1.63 points, in the frontal plane – 10.17 ± 1.60 points, and the total score was 22.83 ± 3.13. In contrast, girls with a hunched back showed a statistically significant decrease in all indicators: 9.50 ± 2.01 points in the sagittal plane, 8.10 ± 1.85 points in the frontal plane, and 17.60 ± 2.80 points for the total score. The lowest values were found in the group of female athletes with scoliotic posture, reflecting the most pronounced violations of the biogeometric profile: 9.00 ± 0.94 points in the sagittal plane, 7.30 ± 1.95 points in the frontal plane, and 16.30 ± 1.64 points for the total score.These results indicate a transition to a low level of the biogeometric profile, being on the border betweenlow and medium levels.Analysis of the frequency distribution of biogeometric profile assessments allowed us to identify riskzones for posture disorders in cheerleaders. These are the ranges of values that intersect between groups with normal posture and those with disorders. These zones indicate the potential presence of deviations even in girls whose posture is visually assessed as normal. Specifically, the threshold values that may indicate hidden disorders are: sagittal plane – 12 points, frontal plane – 10 points, total score – 20–22 points.Conclusions. Identification of the specified threshold values in young athletes should serve as a signalfor immediate in-depth diagnostics and immediate implementation of preventive corrective measures. Thisapproach will allow for timely detection and correction of initial deviations, effectively preventing theirprogression and ensuring harmonious physical development of cheerleader athletes. In view of this, timely physical therapy is critically important. Early intervention and corrective work using special exercises aimed at strengthening the muscle corset and restoring the biomechanics of movements will prevent the progression of latent deviations to the stage of clinically pronounced posture disorders.
FEATURES OF THE DYNAMICS OF GERIATRIC STATUS AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN ELDERLY WITH BILATERAL HIP ENDOPROSTHESES UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF A PHYSICAL THERAPY
Objective – to evaluate the effectiveness of a physical therapy program for elderly with bilateral hip replacement in terms of the dynamics of geriatric status and quality of life.Material. 112 elderly (69.6 ± 1.2 years) were examined. The control group consisted of 42 people who had no history of lower limb joint replacement. The comparison group consisted of 37 people with unilateral total hip replacement. The experimental group consisted of 33 people with two hip replacements, the effectiveness of which is presented in our study. A three-month physical therapy program was developed and implemented for them using therapeutic exercises (using weights, Thera-Band, MFT Challenge Disc Digital); gait training (self-control, practicing gait phases, overcoming an obstacle course), functional training of symmetry of lower limb movements (PROCEDOS PLATFORM 9 platform), Nordic walking; educational component – learning to control one’s condition, movement limitations, reducing the fall risk, awareness of the need for regular rehabilitation interventions; reshaped physical factors – electromyostimulation of the quadriceps femoris muscle, gluteal muscles, and calf muscles. The effectivenesswas assessed by the results of handgrip dynamometry, Short Physical Performance Battery, Tinetti-test,Geriatric Depression Scale, SarQoL questionnaires, and SF-36 questionnaire.Results. The patients were found to have signs of geriatric syndromes – muscle weakness (sign ofsarcopenia) (by hand grip dynamometry), balance disorders and fall risk (by Short Physical PerformanceBattery, Tinetti-test), psychoemotional depression (by Geriatric Depression Scale), deterioration of quality of life with social and personal limitations (by SarQoL, SF-36). The studied indicators of geriatric syndromes, quality of life in elderly patients with bilateral endoprosthesis in the remote period of arthroplasty were worse (p < 0.05) compared to a similar contingent of patients with one endoprosthesis hip joint and a group of people with preserved joints of the lower extremities. The approved comprehensive physicaltherapy program revealed an improvement in the condition of patients due to the impact on the indicators of geriatric syndromes due to an increase in muscle strength, improved balance, reduced fall risk, andimproved quality of life compared to baseline for all studied parameters (p < 0.05).Conclusions. Physical therapy is advisable to prescribe for the correction of signs of geriatric syndromes and quality of life in elderly patients with bilateral hip arthroplasty.
IMPLEMENTATION OF A SYSTEM OF PHYSICAL THERAPY IN DIFFERENT PERIODS OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of physical therapy at different stages of rheumatoidarthritis. Materials: 188 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, whose average age was 46 years, were examined. All patients were randomly divided into a control group (n = 92) and a main group (n = 96). Patients in the control group underwent physical therapy in accordance with the recommendations of the regulatory document of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. Patients in the main group underwent physical therapy according to the proposed system, in accordance with the components of the ICF, taking into account the period of the disease and methodological approaches to their application. To determine the effectiveness of the physical therapy system, the VAS scale, the Sollermann test, and the Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire were used. Results. In terms of dynamics (after 3 and 6 months) following physical therapy, pain severity scores were statistically significantly (p < 0.05) lower in patients in the main group than in patients in the control group. Thus, 78.2% of patients in themain group reported no pain, while in the control group, the number of patients with no pain was 67.4%, which is10.8% less, confirming the positive effect of the rehabilitation measures carried out for the main group. At the endof the study, the average Solerman test score in the main group increased from 65.1 points to 70.2 points, whilein the control group this indicator was statistically significantly (p < 0.05) lower – from 61.8 points to 65.1 points.The total self-assessment of health status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis according to the Stanford HealthAssessment Questionnaire at the beginning of the study was 6.4 points, indicating a low self-assessment of theirhealth status. Three and six months after physical therapy, the health status of patients in both groups improved,but the total score at the end of the study in the main group was statistically significantly (p < 0.05) better andcloser to the normal value of 1.8 points than in the control group, which scored 2.9 points. Conclusions. The theoretical and methodological model of physical therapy for patients with rheumatoid arthritis should include the useof rehabilitation measures at the level of structure and function, activity and participation according to the ICF, taking into account the period of the disease and methodological approaches to their application. The reduction inpain, improvement in physical activity, and normalization of overall health had a positive effect on the quality of life of patients in the main group, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed physical therapy system.
Purpose is to develop and implement a physical therapy programme for female dancers participating in the Standard programme of sports ballroom dancing, aimed at improving the functional condition of the cer-vical and thoracic spine, reduce discomfort and pain, and prevent overload and injuries to the musculoskeletalsystem that occur during training and competitions. Materials and Methods. Theoretical methods of scientif- ic research were applied, namely: analysis, synthesis, abstraction, concretisation, induction, deduction, logical methods, and systemic methods. Results. The implementation of the developed physical therapy programme contributed to achieving positive dynamics in the functional state of the cervical spine in dancers performingclassical dance elements. The results obtained indicate the effectiveness of the implemented set of measures.The results of repeated functional testing showed a significant reduction in pain intensity in the cervical-collar zone, confirming the effectiveness of the techniques used (massage, soft manual therapy, physiotherapy, relax- ation techniques). Most of the programme participants showed an increase in the range of active and passivemovements in the cervical spine, indicating improved soft tissue elasticity and reduced muscle tension. Thanks to the systematic performance of isometric exercises and exercises to stabilise the torso, an increase in the tone of the deep muscles of the neck and torso was noted, which ensured improved postural control and a reduced risk of overload during the training process. The use of exercises on unstable surfaces and with biofeedback improved symmetry and posture control, which is important for the aesthetics of dance movements. The overalllevel of physical performance and adaptation to specific dance loads also improved, confirming the preventive and training effectiveness of the programme. During the final stage, a reduction in muscle rigidity, asymmetry ofmuscle tone and functional blocks in the cervical and thoracic spine was observed. Conclusions. The results ofthe study demonstrated the effectiveness of implementing an individualised physical therapy programme aimedat improving the functional state of the cervical spine in dancers who systematically perform classical dance elements. The combination of therapeutic exercises, isometric loads, soft manual therapy, stretching, massageand physiotherapy techniques made it possible to reduce the intensity of pain, improve mobility and restore muscle-postural balance. It was found that regular physical therapy improved the flexibility and mobility of thecervical and thoracic spine, increased the strength of the neck, shoulder girdle and back muscles, and developed postural control skills, which are critical for ensuring technical accuracy and safe execution of dance movements.
THE ROLE OF THE PHYSICAL THERAPIST IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT FOR PATIENTS WITH STROKE
Purpose. To investigate and substantiate the pivotal role of the physical therapist in the intensive care unit (ICU) for patients with acute stroke, as well as to highlight the strategies and benefits of early rehabilitation intervention aimed at improving functional outcomes and reducing long-term disability.Materials. This study is an analytical literature review based on high-quality clinical trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical guidelines published between 2010 and 2025. The search wasconducted in leading scientific databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, GoogleScholar) using keywords such as “stroke”, “intensive care unit”, “physical therapy”, “early mobilization”.Source selection followed strict inclusion/exclusion criteria, with an emphasis on evidence and timeliness.Results. The review revealed that early physical therapy in the ICU significantly improves functional outcomes in stroke patients. Specifically, a statistically significant reduction in NIHSS scores was observedeven at discharge from the ICU (average reduction of 1-2 points), indicating faster regression of neuro-logical deficit. Long-term functional benefits are confirmed by a statistically significant improvement in functional independence as measured by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) (an increase in the proportion of patients achieving mRS ≤ 2 by 15–20%) and higher scores on the Barthel Index at ICU discharge. Earlyactive and passive movements also contribute to accelerated recovery of motor function.In addition to functional recovery, early physical therapy is crucial for reducing the incidence of secondarycomplications. Data indicate a reduction in the frequency of pneumonia by up to 30%, pressure ulcers by up to 40%, and contractures by up to 50%. The risk of thromboembolic complications is also reduced by 20%. These findings underscore the preventive role of the physical therapist. Furthermore, the implementation of early physical therapy demonstrates a reduction in the average length of stay in the ICU by 1–2 days, leading to optimized healthcare resource utilization and reduced treatment costs. The effectiveness of these interventions depends on the integration of the physical therapist into the multidisciplinary team, ensuring timely assessment, individualized program development, complication prevention, and family education.Conclusions. Early physical therapy, initiated in the intensive care unit under the guidance of a qualified physical therapist, is a safe, effective, and cost-efficient strategy for managing patients with acute stroke.It not only enhances neurological and functional indicators but also significantly reduces the incidence of severe complications and shortens hospital stay, which is of substantial importance for the Ukrainian healthcare system.