GENETIC MARKERS IN INDIVIDUAL PREDICTION OF PULLET SHOOTING
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/2522-1795.2026.20.1.18Keywords:
shooters, genetic markers, training, competitions, correlation, dermatoglyphic indicatorsAbstract
Aim. The study is dedicated to identifying specific dermatoglyphic genetic markers that determine an individual's predisposition to various types of bullet shooting. The goal is to provide a scientific justification for using individual morphogenetic indicators to enhance the efficiency of the sports selection system at the stages of elite athletic excellence.
Materials and Methods. The scientific study involved 45 elite athletes who are members of the national team of Ukraine in bullet shooting. The sample included Honored Masters of Sports (HMS) and Masters of Sports of International Class (MSIC). The experimental group was divided by specialization: pistol shooters (13 men and 15 women) and rifle shooters (10 men and 7 women). The research was conducted at the Lviv Shooting Complex. The finger dermatoglyphics method (analysis of qualitative pattern types and quantitative ridge counting) was used for data collection. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using Pearson correlation analysis to establish relationships between genetic markers and competitive performance.
Results. During the experimental work, it was established that elite shooters are characterized by specific combinations of dermatoglyphic features. In the female pistol group, the dominant pattern type is the loop (U), with a frequency of 33%. For this category, optimal quantitative parameters were determined: ridge count on the right hand (RC III >17, RC IV >24, RC V >17) and on the left hand (RC IV >21, RC V >17), with a total ridge count of the left hand exceeding 102 and a delta index (DI) of over 14 deltas. For men specializing in pistol shooting, the whorl type (W) prevails at 43.3%, with a recorded low ridge count on the first finger of the right hand (<36), a total right-hand count <149, and a DI <12. For the "rifle" specialization, different patterns were revealed: women are characterized by the whorl type (W – 40%), while for men, the radial loop (R) is most common, reaching a prevalence of 39.3%. The identified models allow for individual performance prediction in specific exercises with high accuracy.
Conclusions. The existence of a stable correlation between dermatoglyphic indicators and the performance of shooters has been proven. The highest level of correlation was found in female pistol shooters on the V finger of the left hand (r=0.701) and in men on the I finger of the right hand (r=-0.846). Average correlation levels were recorded for the delta index (r=0.666) and total ridge count (r=0.622 for women and r=0.698 for men). The results obtained can be used as an objective model for selecting young talents, minimizing errors in professional orientation in bullet shooting and ensuring the stability of sports results in the future.
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